You’ve worked for months, maybe even years, to get to this point. You’ve identified a gap in the market, a product or service you can provide to fill it, and sorted out the logistics and financing to get started. All you need is a strong brand name, something that perfectly communicates what you offer and stands out… and isn’t already taken by one of your competitors. But that’s the problem you just can’t seem to get around, no matter how much you brainstorm – all the good names are seemingly taken.
Not wanting to waste all this work and reaching the end of your patience, you decide on a long shot and ask ChatGPT. It gives you a few strong suggestions, and you pick what you think to be the best out of them. Just to be safe you decide to check and make sure the name is free; it feels too serendipitous, too good for this to be true.
It’s not until a few database searches in that you see it is indeed too good to be true. Someone claimed it well before you entered the market, and now you’re back to square one. Despite some further prompt engineering, neither ChatGPT nor the other models you try can give you assurance as to how many of the other suggestions may or may not also be taken.
This is going to be a long and tedious night for you.
If you can relate to the above vignette, then you already know AI can accelerate early-stage brainstorming and flag obvious conflicts when it comes to Trademarks, but it cannot replace formal trademark research, legal databases, or attorney review.
So how do you balance the speed of AI with the certainty of more traditional, rigorous trademark screening? We’ll be going over that in this article. But before we start, we need to lay out how, exactly, AI can help with the process, where it falls dangerously short, and how formal Trademark research can fill those gaps.
Where AI Actually Helps With Trademark Research
As this article from PatentPC covers extensively, AI is a great tool to help with your brainstorming, find obvious conflicts, and conduct surface-level monitoring for your Trademark research.
For Brainstorming and Ideation, AI…
- excels at generating creative brand name options based on your criteria
- can quickly produce long lists exploring different naming approaches (descriptive, abstract, coined terms)
- Is useful for exploring themes, word associations, and variations
For Initial “Obvious Conflict” Screening, AI…
- can identify surface-level similarities in spelling or pronunciation.
- helps eliminate clearly problematic options early in the process
- serves as a preliminary filter before investing resources
For Basic Monitoring and Detection, AI…
- can scan digital environments for potential infringements
- be useful for high-volume monitoring of social media and e-commerce platforms
- still requires human interpretation of context and intent
Where AI Creates Risk With Trademark Research
While suitable for brainstorming and basic screening/monitoring, AI falls dangerously short as a one-stop trademark screening option in that it…
Cannot Access Comprehensive Legal Databases
AI generally lacks access to legal Trademark databases and thus cannot verify whether marks are registered, pending, abandoned, or recently filed. Likewise, it lacks access to state trademark registrations and common law rights, nor can it check ownership status or assignment records.
Misses Context and Legal Nuances
As covered in this article from Bloomberg Law, AI often fails to understand consumer perception and marketplace context. This can quickly create a massive risk as the “likelihood of confusion” among consumers (as well as the relatedness of goods and services which can feed into likelihood of confusion), is one of the key legal standards examined when determining whether Trademark infringement has happened, and AI lacks the subjective legal experience to assess that likelihood and tailor its suggestions accordingly.
Beyond those legal nuances, AI also struggles with conceptual similarities; ie two brand names using different words to convey the same idea. Say you’re launching a landscaping company that also offers tree trimming/clearing services as one of your specialties. You want to project a level of prestige and quality with your name, so you consider naming your company “Gilded Green Landscaping and Tree Service.” Unfortunately, one of your competitors is registered as “Golden Green Tree Removal and Lawncare.” While to the AI and yourself the names may seem different enough to be legally distinct, there might still be a potential trademark conflict raised due to the conceptual similarities.
Produces False Positives and False Negatives
In addition to missing critical context and legal nuance, AI may flag non-conflicting marks as problematic based on superficial similarities. It can also miss phonetic equivalents, foreign translations, and stylized variations, and generally cannot recognize when similar marks can legally coexist within different industries.
Creates Unintentional Infringement Risks
As covered in detail by this article from Marks & Clerk, even with a robust set of guardrails included in your prompt, AI may still generate brand names that coincidentally match existing trademarks. And given you (probably) aren’t a trademark lawyer, there’s no guarantee you’ll be able to identify when AI outputs contain protected brand elements even if you do acquire access to some of the legal databases and manually check each suggestion you consider using.
With all this laid out, however, you may still be wondering what all these above risks mean for you, in a practical sense, if you were to conduct Trademark searches only using AI. Well…
The Practical Risks of AI-Only Searches
If you choose to solely rely on AI for Trademark research, you may suffer consequences such as (but not limited to)…
Application Rejection By The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)
As covered in detail by their official page on the ‘likelihood of confusion’ standard discussed in the previous section, the USPTO rejects applications for confusingly similar marks, not just identical ones. DIY searches often miss conflicts that examiners will catch, and refiling because your initial application got rejected costs time and money that could’ve gone towards your brand launch instead.
Post-Launch Legal Problems
Building your brand on an infringing mark is a surefire way to get cease-and-desist letters once the other trademark holder discovers you. Worse yet, if you feel entitled to the brand name enough to fight the letters, then the litigation expenses can easily balloon far beyond what it would’ve cost you to just hire a Trademark lawyer to help with due diligence. And if you lose the case, it means not only will you be out a pretty penny due to court fees and any settlements demanded, but you will also need to rebrand entirely if you want to continue doing business. All combined, these issues can easily kill a smaller brand before it properly gets off the ground.
Missed Opportunities
While perhaps the least severe of the potential consequences, missed opportunities are still missed opportunities. Relying solely on AI can easily see you passing up on viable names, especially in the case of the AI reporting a false positive that a Trademark lawyer would’ve correctly identified as up for grabs. Likewise, without the input of a human trademark expert, you can easily miss opportunities to strengthen your trademark application.
What Formal Trademark Research Includes And How It Mitigates Risks
Hiring a professional to assist in your Trademark research expands your access to information and strengthens your trademark application via…
Professional Database Searches
As explained in their official article for Comprehensive Clearance Searches for similar trademarks, the USPTO maintains a federal database with 3+ million records that serves as the bedrock of a formal search. The USPTO also provides direct links to all 50 states’ trademark registration services and their databases, as well as common law and international trademark databases such as the Madrid Monitor and Global Brand Database. Taken together, a professional who knows how to navigate these databases has access to many times more records than what the typical AI model can muster, ensuring that you get more than just a surface-level review riddled with false negatives/positives.
Likelihood of Confusion Analysis
We discussed the Likelihood of Confusion in the sections above, but what does the standard actually look for? According to Liles Law, a Likelihood of Confusion Analysis from a Trademark professional will review the following:
- Similarity of marks (appearance, sound, meaning)
- Similarity and relatedness of goods/services
- Strength of existing marks
- Marketing channels and trade channels
- Evidence of actual confusion
As discussed in the previous section, a high likelihood of confusion is grounds for application rejection from the USPTO. AI can neither conduct the analysis nor provide precedent-based suggestions to lower the likelihood of confusion, but a human lawyer can.
Attorneys That Can Do What You Can’t
According to the site Indie Law, a Trademark attorney provides you with invaluable services such as
- Comprehensive searches across multiple databases
- Expert interpretation of complex results
- Legal strategy for overcoming obstacles
- Analysis preventing costly mistakes and litigation
The database access and analysis have already been discussed, but the expert interpretation and legal counsel on strategy can easily be worth your lawyer’s weight in gold if they help you not only avoid expensive litigation, but also circumvent obstacles you would’ve been stonewalled by if you relied on AI alone. While yes, technically you could attempt to DIY it with just AI, you shouldn’t take the risk when dealing with the legal foundations of your brand and business identity.
With all that said, there’s still the matter of how to put the information covered so far into action. We’ll cover a workflow for that in the next section.
The Right Workflow: Using AI as a Tool, Not a Solution
Use the following 4-phase workflow to ensure that your trademark application is ruined due to overreliance on AI.
Phase 1: AI-Assisted Brainstorming
Use ChatGPT or similar tools to generate creative options. This lets you cast a wide net with multiple naming approaches and iron out suggestions faster than you might manage alone.
Phase 2: AI Quick Screen
Ask the AI to run obvious conflict checks to eliminate clearly problematic names. Then narrow down your list of favored ideas to the strongest candidates. These are what you’ll be presenting to your trademark professional.
Phase 3: Professional Clearance Search
Hire a trademark attorney or use a professional search service. They’ll search USPTO, state, common law, and international databases on your behalf, and take care of legal interpretation of the results.
Phase 4: Strategic Decision and Filing
Review your attorney’s recommendations and make informed decision based on their comprehensive analysis. Then file your application with confidence.
AI shouldn’t be your one stop solution to Trademark research, but instead a first step and powerful brainstorming partner. Remember, full trademark clearance requires a qualified trademark attorney, and you won’t get that level of expertise from ChatGPT or by trying to do it yourself. When you use AI to accelerate the brainstorming, you save both yourself and your trademark attorney time without compromising your application.